Served as expert witness in a case where a contractor installing fiber optic lines by horizontal directional drilling punctured a water line, causing extensive damage to the street. The water utility company had marked the site of the water line but had failed to mark an abandoned water line or to disclose that it was present. The drilling contractor located the abandoned line, assumed it was the marked line, and arranged his drilling route to miss the abandoned pipe. Unfortunately, it then hit the live pipe.